أَثِمَ

Form: 1

Full Definition

أَثِمَI , Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun إِثْمٌ, or أَثَمٌ, the former being a simple subst., and مَأْثَمٌ, He fell into what is termed إِثْمٌ [i. e. a sin, or crime, &c.]; [he sinned; committed a sin, or crime;] he did what was unlawful: and تَأْثِيمٌ signifies the same as إِثْمٌ: it may be either an Verbal.Noun of , which [says ISd] I have not heard, or, as Sb holds it to be, a simple subst. like تَنْبِيتٌ: and is said to be used in the sense of إِثْم in the Kur lii. 23 [and lvi. 24]. [It should be added also, that , like تَكْذَابٌ, is syn. with تأْثِيمٌ and إِثْمٌ; and, like تأثيم, may be an Verbal.Noun of , or a simple subst.: see an ex. voce بَرُوقٌ.] In the dial. of some of the Arabs, the first letter of the Present.T is with kesr, as in تِعْلَمُ and نِعْلَمُ; and as the hemzeh in إِثْمٌ is with kesr, the radical hemzeh [in the Present.T] is changed into ى; so that they say إِيثَمُ and تِيثَمُ [for آثَمُ and تَأْثَمُ.] In the saying, لَوْ قُلْتَ مَا فِى قَوْمَهَا لَمْ تِيثَمِ يَفْضُلَهَا فِى حَسَبٍ وَمِيسَمِ the meaning is, [Shouldst thou say, thou wouldst not sin, or do wrong, in so saying,] There is not, among her people, any one who excels her [in grounds of pretension to respect, and in impress, or character, of beauty].

def.2 أَثَمَهُ اللّٰهُ فِى كَذَا, Present.T ـُ and ـِ or ـَ but there is no other authority than the K for this last, nor is there any reason for it, as the medial radical letter is not faucial, nor is the final, and in the Iktitáf el-Azáhir the Present.T is said to be ـِ and ـُ [God reckoned him to have sinned, or committed a crime or the like, in such a thing; or] God reckoned such a thing against him as an إِثْم: or أَثَمَهُ, Present.T ـِ and ـُ Verbal.Noun أَثْمٌ and أَثَامٌ and إِثَامٌ, He requited him, or punished him, for what is termed إِثْمٌ [i. e. sin, or crime, &c.]: [see also أَثَامٌ below:] or he pronounced him to be آثم [i. e. a sinner, or the like]: [or] , Present.T يَؤْثِمُهُ, has this last signification, said of God; and also signifies He found him to be so.
2 You say also, أَثَمَتِ النَّاقَةُ المَشْىَ, Present.T ـِ Verbal.Noun أَثْمٌ, The she-camel was slow.

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