ثُنْيَا

Full Definition

ثُنْيَا a subst. from اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ; as also ثَنْوَى ; the former with damm, and the latter with fet-h: both are syn. with اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ [used as a subst., meaning An exception]; as also ثَنِيَّةٌ , or ثُنْيَةٌ , and مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ : so in the saying, حَلَفَ يَمِينًا لَيْسَ فِيهَا ثُنْيَا and and ثَنِيَّةٌ or ثُنْيَةٌ and مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [he swore an oath in which there was not an exception]; for when the swearer says, “ By God I will not do such and such things unless God will otherwise, ” he reverses what he [first] says by God's willing otherwise: [and so in the saying,] حَلْفَةٌ غَيْرُ ذَاتِ a swearing not made lawful [by an exception]: [so too in the saying,] بَيْعٌ مَا فِيهِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [and ثُنْيَا &c.] (K in art. لحج) a sale in which there is not an exception: or ثُنْيَا signifies a thing excepted, whatever it be; as also ثَنْوَى , with و substituted for ى, or , and ثَنِيَّةٌ , or ثُنْيَةٌ . In a sale, it is unlawful when it is the exception of a thing unknown; and when one sells a slaughtered camel for a certain price and excepts the head and extremities: or when an exception is made from things sold without measuring or weighting or numbering: and in a contract with another for labour upon land on the condition of sharing the produce, it is when one excepts a certain measure after the half or the third. The saying of Mo- hammad, مَنِ ٱسْتَثْنَى فَلَهُ ثُنْيَاهُ means Whoso maketh an exception, his shall be what he excepteth: as, for instance, when one says, “ I divorce her thrice, save once: ” or “ I emancipate them, except such a one. ”
2 It also means particularly The head and legs of a slaughtered camel; because the seller of the camel used, in the Time of Ignorance, to except them; and IF adds, but incorrectly, the back-bone: whence, applied to a she-camel, مُذَكَّرَةُ الثُّنْيَا, meaning Resembling the make of the male in [the largeness of] her head and legs; or جُمَالِيَّةُ الثُّنْيَا, having thick legs, like those of the male camel in thickness. [Also, app., The exception, or omission, of a day, in irrigation: see 3 in art. ثلث, and ثِلْثٌ in the same art.] And ثَنِيَّةٌ signifies also A palm-tree that is excepted from a bargain. And The martyrs whom God has excepted from those who shall fall down dead or swooning: these, accord. to Kaab, are ٱللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ [those whom God has excepted on the earth]; alluded to in the Kur [xxxix. 68], where it is said, “ And the horn shall be blown, and those who are in the heavens and those on the earth shall fall down dead, or swooning, except those whom God shall please [to except]. ”

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