سَائِبَةٌ

Full Definition

سَائِبَةٌ Any beast that is left to pasture where it will, without a pastor: pl. سَوَائِبُ and سُيَّبٌ. A camel that has lived until his offspring have had offspring, and is therefore set at liberty, and not ridden, nor laden with a burden. In the Kur v. 102, A she-camel that was set at liberty to pasture where it would, in the Time of Ignorance, on account of a vow and the like: or the mother of a بَحِيرَة; (S, Mgh; [in the Msb, said to be a بَحِيرَة ; and in one place in the TA said to be a she-camel of which the dam is a بَحِيرة; but both of these explanations require consideration, as will be seen from what follows;]) or a she-camel which, having brought forth females at ten successive births, was set at liberty to pasture where she would, and not ridden, nor was here milk drunk except by her young one or a guest, until she died, when the men and the women ate her together; and the ear of her last female young one was slit, and she was [therefore] called بَحِيرَة, and was a سَائِبَة like her mother: or a she-camel of which a man, in the Time of Ignorance, when he came from a far journey, or re- covered from a disease, or had been saved by his beast from difficulty or trouble, or when his beast had been saved therefrom, or from war, said, هِىَ سَائِبَةٌ; i. e. she was left to pasture where she would, without a pastor, and no use was made of her back, nor was she debarred from water, nor from herbage, nor ridden: thus it signifies in the Kur: or a she-camel from whose back a vertebra or [some other] bone was taken forth, so that she became known thereby, and which was not debarred from water nor from herbage, nor ridden, nor milked: the pl. is سُيَّبٌ, like نُوَّحٌ pl. of نَائِحَةٌ, and نُوَّمٌ pl. of نَائِمَةٌ; and سَوَائِبُ. It is said in a trad., “ I saw 'Amr Ibn-Loheí dragging his intestines in the fire [of Hell]: ” and he was the first who set at liberty سَوَائِب: the doing of which is forbidden in the Kur v. 102. And it is related that a hostile attack was made upon a certain man of the Arabs, and he found not any [other] beast to ride, so he rode a سَائِبَة: whereupon it was said to him, “ Dost thou ride what is forbidden? ” and he replied, يَرْكَبُ الحَرَامَ مَنْ لَا حَلَالَ لَهُ [He rides what is forbidden who has not what is allowed]: and this saying became a proverb. السَّائِبَتَانِ means The بَدَنَتَانِ [i. e. two camels, or cows or bulls, for sacrifice,] which the Prophet brought as offerings to the House [of God at Mekkeh], and which one of the believers in a plurality of gods took away: they are thus called because he gave them up (سَيَّبَهُمَا) to God.
2 Also A slave emancipated so that the emancipator has no claim to inherit from him, except, accord. to EshSháfi'ee, in the case of the slave's dying without appointing any heir, in which case his inheritance belongs to his emancipator, [for] such an emancipated slave may bestow his property where [or on whom] he pleases, agreeably with a trad.: [in the S, and in the Msb as on the authority of IF, it is added, that “ this is what is related to have been forbidden: ” but from what has been stated above, this appears to be a mistake; and I think that these words have been misplaced in the S and Msb, and that they relate only to the she-camel termed سَائِبَة:] a slave is thus emancipated by his owner's saying to him, أَنْتَ سَائِبَةٌ. 'Omar said, السَّائِبَةُ وَالصَّدَقَةُ لِيَوْمِهِمَا [The sáïbeh and alms are for their day]: i. e., for the day of resurrection; so that one may not return to the deriving of any advantage from them in the present world.

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