فِى
Root: فى
Full Definition
فِى
is a particle governing the gen. case [and used in the manners and senses expl in what here follows].
2 It relates to a receptacle; and, when used in a wider sense, to that which has some near resemblance thereto; [i. e.,] and also to what is considered as a receptacle: [in other words,] it denotes inclusion, or inbeing, either in relation to place or in relation to time: properly and tropically. غُلِبَتِ ٱلرُّومُ فِى أَدْنَى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِى بِضْعِ سِنِينَ [The Greeks have been overcome in the nearer, or nearest, part of the land, and they, after the overcoming of them, shall overcome in some few years], in the Kur [xxx. 1 — 3], is an ex. of its relation to place and to time. And وَلَكُمْ فِى ٱلْقِصَاصِ حَيٰوةٌ
3 It also denotes concomitance, and in this ease it is syn. with مَعَ. Thus in the phrase, قَالَ ٱدْخُلُوا فِى أُمَمٍ [He shall say, Enter ye with peoples]. in the Kur [vii. 36]: or, as some say, the meaning is, فِى جَمَاعَةِ أُمَمٍ [in the company of peoples]. Thus. too, in the phrase, in the Kur [xlvi. 15], فِى أَصْحَابِ الجَنَّةِ [With the inmates of Paradise]. [Or in these and similar instances, فِى may be rendered, more agreeably with the primary signification, as meaning Among.] In the K, the meaning as denoting concomitance and that which is identical with مَعَ are made distinct: and it has been said that بِ denotes the continuance of concomitance and مَعَ denotes its commencement; though this is not invariably the case. [Hence it is used to denote a combination of two qualities: as in the phrase طُولٌ فِى ٱسْتِرْخَآءٍ
4 It also denotes the assigning of a cause. Thus in the phrase فِى أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةٌ i. e. On account, or because, of completing [the possession of] forty sheep or goats, [the giving of]
5 It also denotes superiority; i. e. it is used in the sense of عَلَى. Thus in the saying, in the Kur [xx. 74], وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِى جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخْلِ [And I will assuredly crucify you upon the trunks of palm-trees]. And so in the verse of 'Antarah cited voce سَرْحٌ. And Yoo asserts that the Arabs say, نَزَلْتُ فِى أَبِيكَ, meaning عَلَيْهِ [i. e. I alighted, or descended and stopped, &c., at the abode of thy father].
6 It is also syn. with بِ, sometimes. Thus in the saying of Zeyd-el-Kheyl,
7 It is also syn. with إِلَى. Thus in the Kur [xiv. 10], فَرَدُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِى أَفْوَاههم [And they put their hands to their mouths].
8 It is also syn. with مِنْ. Thus in the Kur [xxvii. 12], فِى تِسْعِ آيَاتٍ [Of, or among, nine signs]. And in the saying, خُذْ لِى عَشْرًا مِنَ الإِبِلِ فِيهَا فَحْلَانِ [Take thou for me ten of the camels; of, or among, them let there be two stallions. [Thus too in the saying هُوَ فِى أَصْلِ قَوْمِهِ He is of, or among, the purest in race, &c., of his people: and the like thereof.]
9 It also denotes comparison; and this is when it occurs between a preceding [mention of a] thing excelled and a following [mention of a] thing excelling: as in the saying, [in the Kur ix. 38,] فَمَا مَتَاعُ ٱلْحَيٰوةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا فِى ٱلْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ [But the enjoyment of the present life, in comparison with that which is to come, is no other than little].
10 It is also used for compensation; and this is when it is redundant as a compensation for another [فِى] which is suppressed: as in the saying, ضَرَبْتُ فِيمَنْ رَغِبْتَ for ضَرَبْتُ مَنْ رَغِبْتَ فِيهِ [I beat, or struck, him whom thou desiredst]: but this is allowed by Ibn-Málik alone.
11 And it is used for corroboration: this is when it is redundant without its being for compensation: and this El-Fárisee allows in a case of necessity in verse; citing as an ex.,
def.2 فِى as a prefixed noun in the gen. case, syn. with فَم, and فِىَّ as syn. with فَمِى, see voce فُوهٌ, in art. فوه.
2 It relates to a receptacle; and, when used in a wider sense, to that which has some near resemblance thereto; [i. e.,] and also to what is considered as a receptacle: [in other words,] it denotes inclusion, or inbeing, either in relation to place or in relation to time: properly and tropically. غُلِبَتِ ٱلرُّومُ فِى أَدْنَى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِى بِضْعِ سِنِينَ [The Greeks have been overcome in the nearer, or nearest, part of the land, and they, after the overcoming of them, shall overcome in some few years], in the Kur [xxx. 1 — 3], is an ex. of its relation to place and to time. And وَلَكُمْ فِى ٱلْقِصَاصِ حَيٰوةٌ
3 It also denotes concomitance, and in this ease it is syn. with مَعَ. Thus in the phrase, قَالَ ٱدْخُلُوا فِى أُمَمٍ [He shall say, Enter ye with peoples]. in the Kur [vii. 36]: or, as some say, the meaning is, فِى جَمَاعَةِ أُمَمٍ [in the company of peoples]. Thus. too, in the phrase, in the Kur [xlvi. 15], فِى أَصْحَابِ الجَنَّةِ [With the inmates of Paradise]. [Or in these and similar instances, فِى may be rendered, more agreeably with the primary signification, as meaning Among.] In the K, the meaning as denoting concomitance and that which is identical with مَعَ are made distinct: and it has been said that بِ denotes the continuance of concomitance and مَعَ denotes its commencement; though this is not invariably the case. [Hence it is used to denote a combination of two qualities: as in the phrase طُولٌ فِى ٱسْتِرْخَآءٍ
4 It also denotes the assigning of a cause. Thus in the phrase فِى أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةٌ i. e. On account, or because, of completing [the possession of] forty sheep or goats, [the giving of]
5 It also denotes superiority; i. e. it is used in the sense of عَلَى. Thus in the saying, in the Kur [xx. 74], وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِى جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخْلِ [And I will assuredly crucify you upon the trunks of palm-trees]. And so in the verse of 'Antarah cited voce سَرْحٌ. And Yoo asserts that the Arabs say, نَزَلْتُ فِى أَبِيكَ, meaning عَلَيْهِ [i. e. I alighted, or descended and stopped, &c., at the abode of thy father].
6 It is also syn. with بِ, sometimes. Thus in the saying of Zeyd-el-Kheyl,
meaning, بِطَعْنِ الاباهر والكلى [i. e. And horsemen skilful in piercing the aortas and the kidneys ride in the day of fear therein]. And thus in a verse cited by Fr, أَرْغَبُ is made trans. by فِى and عَنْ instead of بِ and عَنْ. [Thus, also, لَيْسَ فِى شَىْءٍ is sometimes used for لَيْسَ بِشَىْءٍ, meaning It is nought; or not of any account or weight; &c.: see more in art. شيأ.]وَتَرْكَبُ يَوْمَ الرَّوْعِ فِيهَا فَوَارِسُ بَصِيرُونَ فِى طَعْنِ الأَبَاهِرِ والكُلَى
7 It is also syn. with إِلَى. Thus in the Kur [xiv. 10], فَرَدُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِى أَفْوَاههم [And they put their hands to their mouths].
8 It is also syn. with مِنْ. Thus in the Kur [xxvii. 12], فِى تِسْعِ آيَاتٍ [Of, or among, nine signs]. And in the saying, خُذْ لِى عَشْرًا مِنَ الإِبِلِ فِيهَا فَحْلَانِ [Take thou for me ten of the camels; of, or among, them let there be two stallions. [Thus too in the saying هُوَ فِى أَصْلِ قَوْمِهِ He is of, or among, the purest in race, &c., of his people: and the like thereof.]
9 It also denotes comparison; and this is when it occurs between a preceding [mention of a] thing excelled and a following [mention of a] thing excelling: as in the saying, [in the Kur ix. 38,] فَمَا مَتَاعُ ٱلْحَيٰوةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا فِى ٱلْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ [But the enjoyment of the present life, in comparison with that which is to come, is no other than little].
10 It is also used for compensation; and this is when it is redundant as a compensation for another [فِى] which is suppressed: as in the saying, ضَرَبْتُ فِيمَنْ رَغِبْتَ for ضَرَبْتُ مَنْ رَغِبْتَ فِيهِ [I beat, or struck, him whom thou desiredst]: but this is allowed by Ibn-Málik alone.
11 And it is used for corroboration: this is when it is redundant without its being for compensation: and this El-Fárisee allows in a case of necessity in verse; citing as an ex.,
[I am Aboo-Saad; when the night becomes dark, thou imagining its blackness to be black leather]. And it is thus used in the saying, in the Kur [xi. 43], وَقَالَ ٱرْكَبُوا فِيهَا [for ٱرْكَبُوهَا, i. e. And he said, Embark ye therein, the like of which occurs also in xviii. 70 and xxix. 65], accord. to some.أَنَا أَبُوا سَعْدٍ إِذَا اللَّيْلُ دَجَا تَخَالُ فِى سَوَادِهِ يَرَنْدَجَا
def.2 فِى as a prefixed noun in the gen. case, syn. with فَم, and فِىَّ as syn. with فَمِى, see voce فُوهٌ, in art. فوه.
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