أَلِفَهُ
Root: الف
Form: 1
Full Definition
أَلِفَهُI
, Present.T
ـَ Verbal.Noun إِلُفٌ and أَلْفٌ and إِلَافٌ and وِلَافٌ, which is anomalous, and أَلَفَانٌ, He kept, or clave, to it; namely, a thing, or a place; as also أَلَفَهُ, Present.T
ـِ; and
آلفهُ , Present.T يُؤْلِفُ Verbal.Noun إِيلَافٌ; and
آلفهُ , Present.T يُؤَالِفُ, Verbal.Noun مُؤَالَفَةٌ and إِلَافٌ: [he frequented it, or resorted to it habitually; namely, a place:] he became familiar with it; or accustomed, or habituated, to it; namely, a thing: he became familiar, sociable, companionable, friendly, or amicable, with him: he loved, or affected, him; liked, approved, or took pleasure in, him. You say, أَلِفَتِ الطَّيْرُ الحَرَمَ [The birds kept to the sacred territory], and البُيُوتَ [the houses]: and الظِّبَآءُ الرَّمْلِ
The gazelles kept to the sands.
2 There are three manners of reading the passage in the Kur [evi. 1 and 2], قُرَيْشٍ إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَآءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ; the second and third being لِإِلَافِ and لِإِلْفِ; the first and second of which have been adopted; and the third also; this being the reading of the Prophet [himself]: [accord. to all these readings, the passage may be rendered, For the keeping of Kureysh, for their keeping to the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; the chapter going on to say, for this reason "let them worship the Lord of this House," &c. : or] the second and third readings are from أَلِفَ, Present.T يَأْلَفُ; [and accord. to these readings, the passage may be rendered as above;] but accord. to the first reading, the meaning is, for the preparing and fitting out [&c.; i. e., preparing and fitting out men and beasts in the journey of the winter &c.]: so says IAmb; and Fr explains in the same manner the third reading: but IAar says that, accord. to this reading, the meaning is, the protecting [&c.]: he says that the persons who protected were four brothers, Háshim and 'Abd-Shems and El-Muttalib and Nowfal, the sons of 'Abd-Menáf: these gave protection to Kureysh in their procuring of corn: Háshim obtained a grant of security from the king of the Greeks, and Nowfal from Kisrà, and 'Abd-Shems from the Nejáshee, and ElMuttalib from the kings of Himyer; and the merchants of Kureysh used to go to and from the great towns of these kings with the grants of security of these brothers, and none opposed them: Háshim used to give protection (يُؤْلِفُ [in the copies of the K يُؤَلِّفُ]) [to those journeying] to Syria, and 'Abd-Shems to Abyssinia, and ElMuttalib to El-Yemen, and Nowfal to Persia: or in the Kur signifies a covenant, or an obligation; and what resembles permission, (إِجَازَة, as in some copies of the K and in the TA,) or protection, (إِجَارَة, as in the CK,) with an obligation involving responsibility for safety; first obtained by Háshim, from the kings of Syria; and the explanation is, that Kureysh were dwelling in the sacred territory, having neither seed-produce nor udders [to yield them milk], secure in the procuring of their provisions from other parts, and in their changes of place, in winter and summer, or spring; the people around them having their property seized; whereas, when any cause of mischief occurred to them, they said, "We are people of the sacred territory," and then no one opposed them: so in the O: or the ل is to denote wonder; and the meaning is, wonder ye at the ايلاف of Kureysh [&c.]: some say that the meaning is connected with what follows; i. e., let them worship the Lord of this House for the ايلاف [&c., agreeably with the first explanation which we have given]: others, that it is connected with what precedes; as J says; the meaning being, I have destroyed the masters of the elephant to make Kureysh remain at Mekkeh, and for their uniting the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; that when they finished one, they should commence the other; and this is like the saying, ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا َ لِكَذَا, with suppression of the [conjunctive] و: but Ibn-'Arafeh disapproves of this, for two reasons: first, because the phrase "In the name of God" &c. occurs between the two chapters: [Bd, however, mentions that in Ubeí's copy, the two compose one chapter:] secondly, because ايلاف signifies the covenants, or obligations, which they obtained when they went forth on mercantile expeditions, and whereby they became secure. إِلَافٌ [in like manner] signifies A writing of security, written by the king for people, that they may be secure in his territory: and is used by Musáwir Ibn-Hind in the sense of اِيتِلَافٌ [as is also إِلْفٌ,] when he says, in satirizing Benoo-Asad,
def.2 أَلَفَهُ, Present.T ـِ He gave him
2 There are three manners of reading the passage in the Kur [evi. 1 and 2], قُرَيْشٍ إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَآءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ; the second and third being لِإِلَافِ and لِإِلْفِ; the first and second of which have been adopted; and the third also; this being the reading of the Prophet [himself]: [accord. to all these readings, the passage may be rendered, For the keeping of Kureysh, for their keeping to the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; the chapter going on to say, for this reason "let them worship the Lord of this House," &c. : or] the second and third readings are from أَلِفَ, Present.T يَأْلَفُ; [and accord. to these readings, the passage may be rendered as above;] but accord. to the first reading, the meaning is, for the preparing and fitting out [&c.; i. e., preparing and fitting out men and beasts in the journey of the winter &c.]: so says IAmb; and Fr explains in the same manner the third reading: but IAar says that, accord. to this reading, the meaning is, the protecting [&c.]: he says that the persons who protected were four brothers, Háshim and 'Abd-Shems and El-Muttalib and Nowfal, the sons of 'Abd-Menáf: these gave protection to Kureysh in their procuring of corn: Háshim obtained a grant of security from the king of the Greeks, and Nowfal from Kisrà, and 'Abd-Shems from the Nejáshee, and ElMuttalib from the kings of Himyer; and the merchants of Kureysh used to go to and from the great towns of these kings with the grants of security of these brothers, and none opposed them: Háshim used to give protection (يُؤْلِفُ [in the copies of the K يُؤَلِّفُ]) [to those journeying] to Syria, and 'Abd-Shems to Abyssinia, and ElMuttalib to El-Yemen, and Nowfal to Persia: or in the Kur signifies a covenant, or an obligation; and what resembles permission, (إِجَازَة, as in some copies of the K and in the TA,) or protection, (إِجَارَة, as in the CK,) with an obligation involving responsibility for safety; first obtained by Háshim, from the kings of Syria; and the explanation is, that Kureysh were dwelling in the sacred territory, having neither seed-produce nor udders [to yield them milk], secure in the procuring of their provisions from other parts, and in their changes of place, in winter and summer, or spring; the people around them having their property seized; whereas, when any cause of mischief occurred to them, they said, "We are people of the sacred territory," and then no one opposed them: so in the O: or the ل is to denote wonder; and the meaning is, wonder ye at the ايلاف of Kureysh [&c.]: some say that the meaning is connected with what follows; i. e., let them worship the Lord of this House for the ايلاف [&c., agreeably with the first explanation which we have given]: others, that it is connected with what precedes; as J says; the meaning being, I have destroyed the masters of the elephant to make Kureysh remain at Mekkeh, and for their uniting the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; that when they finished one, they should commence the other; and this is like the saying, ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا َ لِكَذَا, with suppression of the [conjunctive] و: but Ibn-'Arafeh disapproves of this, for two reasons: first, because the phrase "In the name of God" &c. occurs between the two chapters: [Bd, however, mentions that in Ubeí's copy, the two compose one chapter:] secondly, because ايلاف signifies the covenants, or obligations, which they obtained when they went forth on mercantile expeditions, and whereby they became secure. إِلَافٌ [in like manner] signifies A writing of security, written by the king for people, that they may be secure in his territory: and is used by Musáwir Ibn-Hind in the sense of اِيتِلَافٌ [as is also إِلْفٌ,] when he says, in satirizing Benoo-Asad,
meaning Ye asserted [that your brothers are Kureysh; i. e.,] that ye are like Kureysh: but how should ye be like them? for they have [an alliance whereby they are protected in] the trade of El-Yemen and Syria; and ye have not that [alliance]. [Hence,] إِلَافُ ٱللّٰهِ [a phrase used in the manner of an oath,] accord. to some, signifies The safeguard, or protection, of God: or, accord. to others, an honourable station from God.زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَكُمْ قُرَيْشٌ لَهُمْ إِلْفٌ وَ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَافُ
def.2 أَلَفَهُ, Present.T ـِ He gave him
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