خَلَفَ
Root: خلف
Form: 1
Full Definition
خَلَفَI
, Present.T
ـُ Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ, He came after, followed, succeeded, or remained after, another, or another that had perished or died. Hence, in the Kur [vii. 168 and xix. 60], فَخَلَفَ
مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ And there hath succeeded them, or come after them, [a posterity, or] an evil posterity. And خَلَفَهُ
He came after him, (S, A in art. دبر, Mgh, Msb, TA,) or behind him, or following him nearly; Verbal.Noun as above, and خِلْفَةٌ also: or he remained after him: and
جَآءَ likewise signifies [the same as جآء خَلْفَهُ; an Verbal.Noun of خَالَفَ being thus used as an adv. n.; i. e.] he came after him. You say also, خَلَفَ اللَّيْلُ
النَّهَارَ, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ and خِلْفَةٌ, The night followed, or came after, the day.
2 [Hence,] خَلَفْتُهُ, [Present.T as above,] Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ, [perhaps a mistranscription for خَلَفَ,] I was, after him, a substitute for him: [I supplied his place: and I superseded him.] And خَلَفَهُ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ and خَلَفٌ and خِلِّيقَى, which last is an Verbal.Noun of the intensive kind, He was, or became, his خَلِيفَة [i. e. successor, or vice-agent, &c.], or his substitute; فِى قَوْمِهِ [among, or in respect of, his people], and أَهْلِهِ [his family]; relating to good and to evil; wherefore one says, أَوْصَى لَهُ بِالخِلَافَةِ [he charged him by his will with the being his successor, or vice-agent, &c.]; or عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ [over his family and his property]: and signifies the same; he was, or became, his خَلِيفَة after him. And خَلَفَ فُلَانًا [alone] He was, or became, the خَلِيفَةٌ of such a one among, or in respect of, his family and his children. And خَلَفَهُ رَبُّهُ فِى أَهْلِهِ and وَلَدِهِ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ, His Lord was [for him] a خَلِيفَة [or supplier of his place] to his family and his children. (TA. [In the CK, اخلف is made to signify the same; but this is in consequence of an omission.]) And one says, خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ May God be to to thee a خَلِيفَة [or supplier of the place] of thy father; or of the one whom thou hast lost: thus one says to one who has lost by death his father or mother or paternal uncle or any other who cannot be replaced: and خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا, or بِخَيْرٍ, or both, and خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ لَكَ بِخَيْرٍ, and ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا and لَكَ خَيْرًا: to him who has lost property or a child or a thing [of any other kind] of which the replacement may be asked, or to him of whom that which may be replaced has perished, or died, one says, ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ May God restore to thee the like of that which has gone from thee, or may God restore to thee what has gone from thee; and اللّٰه لَكَ; and خَلَفَ اللّٰه لك : or خَلَفَ اللّٰه عَلَيْكَ is allowable in relation to property and the like; and يَخْلَفُ, like يَمْنَعُ is allowable as its Present.T, though extr., as it has no faucial letter to occasion the fet-h: and one says also, خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ لَكَ بِخَيْرٍ meaning May God give thee good in the place of that which has gone from thee; and عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا, meaning the same; and [so] لَكَ خَيْرًا and بِخَيْرٍ: and ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ مَالَكَ and لَكَ مَالَكَ [May God restore, or replace, to thee thy property]. خَلَفَ أَبَاهُ, Present.T ـُ means He became behind his father; and if so, its Verbal.Noun is خَلْفٌ: or it means he became in the place of his father; and if so, its Verbal.Noun is خَلَفٌ: and خَلَفَ مَكَانَ أَبِيهِ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ and خَلَفٌ, he became in the place of his father, exclusively of every other. You say also, خَلَفَتِ الفَاكِهَةِ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ, or خَلَفٌ, , or the latter to the former,]) and خِلْفَةٌ, The fruit replaced other fruit; or became substituted for other fruit. (JK, * K,* TA. [In the CK, صَارَ خَلْفًا is erroneously put for صَارَتْ خَلَفًا.]) And خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانَةَ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ, [like عَقَبَ عَلَيْهَا,] Such a man took as his wife such a woman after another husband [and thus supplied his place].
3 خَلَفَ ُلَانًا, (Present.T ـُ TA,) He took, or seized, such a one from behind him; as also . And hence, خَلَفَ لَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ He came to him from behind him, and smote his neck, or struck off his head, with the sword.
4 خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ بِعَقِبِى [is explained as meaning] Such a one stayed, or abode, after me. (Msb in art. عقب) [But]
5 خَلَفَ بِعَقَبِ فُلَانٍ is said by some to mean إِلَى أَهْلِهِ [q. v.]: accord. to As, however, it means He parted with such a one on the condition of doing a certain thing, and then came behind him [or behind his back] and did another thing after parting with him: and Az says that this is a more correct explanation than the former one. [Hence, app.,] one says also, إِنَّ ٱمْرَأَةَ فُلَانٍ تَخْلُفُ زَوْجَهَا بِالنِّزَاعِ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا [Verily the wife of such a one is unfaithful to her husband by yearning towards another when he is absent from her: or deceives her husband behind his back by yearning towards another; for it is implied, by an ex. given, that اذا غاب عنها is added by way of explanation]. خَلَفَهُ also signifies He spoke of him, or mentioned him, [behind his back, or] when he was not present: so in the phrase, خَلَفَهُ بِخَيْرٍ or بِشَرٍّ [He spoke of him behind his back well or ill]. And one says, يَخْلُفُ النَّاسَ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ [meaning He defames men behind their backs]: the action signified hereby is like غِيبَةٌ, and may be [by making signs] with the side of the mouth, and with the eye, and with the head. (TA in art. همز.)
6 خَلَفَ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ, Present.T ـُ He remained behind, or after, his companions; did not go forth with them; as also قَعَدَ أَصْحَابِهِ [similar to a phrase mentioned near the beginning of this
7 [Hence,] خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ
8 خَلَفَ, Present.T ـُ also signifies He retired, withdrew, or went away or apart. And خَلَفَتْ نَفْسَهُ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,
9 And He fled.
10 And He ascended a mountain.
def.2 See also 2, first sentence.
def.3 خَلَفَ, Present.T خُلُوفٌ, [Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,] said of the taste of water, It was, or became, different from, or contrary to, what it was thought to be: and [hence,] it was, or became, altered [for the worse]: [and] said of milk, and of food, and the like, and some say خَلُفَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ, of both verbs, it was, or became, altered [for the worse] in taste, or in odour; as also : or, said of milk, the first signifies it became bad from being long kept; or, as in the A,
2 [Hence,] خَلَفَ عَنْ خُلُقِ أَبِيهِ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,
3 And خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ [or خُلُوفٌ]; or خَلْفَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خَلَافَةٌ and خُلُوفٌ;
4 And خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلَافَةٌ and خُلُوفٌ,
def.4 خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ; and , and ; He drew water, لِأَهْلِهِ for his family: [app. because he who does so leaves his family behind him: see 2, first sentence:] [or] , said of a man, signifies اِسْتَعْذَبَ المَآء [app. as meaning he sought, or drew, or brought, sweet water: see art. عذب]: and, accord. to IAar, you say, القَوْمَ, meaning properly I carried sweet water to the people, or party, when they were in the [season, or herbage, called] رَبِيع and without sweet water, or when they were by salt water: إِخْلَافٌ [as meaning the carrying, or drawing, of water,] being [properly] only in the ربيع: in other cases, metaphorically applied. El-Hoteíäh says,
def.5 خَلَفَ الثَّوْبَ, or القَمِيصَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ and خُلْفَةٌ, in some copies of the K خَلْفَةٌ, [so in my MS. copy of the K, and so in the TK,] and [in some] خُلَفٌ also, but these require consideration, He took out from the garment, or shirt, the part that was worn out, that is, the middle part, which was worn out, and then sewed the [cut] edges together. And الثَّوْبَ signifies the same as خَلَفَهُ, i. e. He repaired the garment [app. in any manner, or, as is implied in the S and TA, by substituting one piece for another].
2 The saying, in a trad. of Hamneh, فَإِذَا خَلَفَتْ ذٰلِكَ فَلْتَغْتَسِلْ, meaning
def.6 خَلَفَ signifies also He mixed [a thing with another thing; as, for instance, (see خُلِفَ in a passage above,) milk with other milk]: and he mixed saffron, and medicine, with water.
def.7 خَلَفَ بَيْتَهُ He put to, or made for, his tent, a pole, termed a خَالِفَة, in the hinder part thereof.
def.8 خَلِفَ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun خَلَفٌ, He inclined towards one side.
2 خَلَفٌ is also an Verbal.Noun (of خَلِفَ, said of a man, TK) signifying The being أَخْلَف as meaning contrarious, hard in disposition, as though going with a leaning towards one side:
3 and the being left-handed:
4 and the being أَحْوَل [or squint-eyed].
def.9 خَلِفَتْ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun خَلَفٌ, She was, or became, pregnant.
2 [Hence,] خَلَفْتُهُ, [Present.T as above,] Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ, [perhaps a mistranscription for خَلَفَ,] I was, after him, a substitute for him: [I supplied his place: and I superseded him.] And خَلَفَهُ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ and خَلَفٌ and خِلِّيقَى, which last is an Verbal.Noun of the intensive kind, He was, or became, his خَلِيفَة [i. e. successor, or vice-agent, &c.], or his substitute; فِى قَوْمِهِ [among, or in respect of, his people], and أَهْلِهِ [his family]; relating to good and to evil; wherefore one says, أَوْصَى لَهُ بِالخِلَافَةِ [he charged him by his will with the being his successor, or vice-agent, &c.]; or عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ [over his family and his property]: and signifies the same; he was, or became, his خَلِيفَة after him. And خَلَفَ فُلَانًا [alone] He was, or became, the خَلِيفَةٌ of such a one among, or in respect of, his family and his children. And خَلَفَهُ رَبُّهُ فِى أَهْلِهِ and وَلَدِهِ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ, His Lord was [for him] a خَلِيفَة [or supplier of his place] to his family and his children. (TA. [In the CK, اخلف is made to signify the same; but this is in consequence of an omission.]) And one says, خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ May God be to to thee a خَلِيفَة [or supplier of the place] of thy father; or of the one whom thou hast lost: thus one says to one who has lost by death his father or mother or paternal uncle or any other who cannot be replaced: and خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا, or بِخَيْرٍ, or both, and خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ لَكَ بِخَيْرٍ, and ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا and لَكَ خَيْرًا: to him who has lost property or a child or a thing [of any other kind] of which the replacement may be asked, or to him of whom that which may be replaced has perished, or died, one says, ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ May God restore to thee the like of that which has gone from thee, or may God restore to thee what has gone from thee; and اللّٰه لَكَ; and خَلَفَ اللّٰه لك : or خَلَفَ اللّٰه عَلَيْكَ is allowable in relation to property and the like; and يَخْلَفُ, like يَمْنَعُ is allowable as its Present.T, though extr., as it has no faucial letter to occasion the fet-h: and one says also, خَلَفَ ٱللّٰهُ لَكَ بِخَيْرٍ meaning May God give thee good in the place of that which has gone from thee; and عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا, meaning the same; and [so] لَكَ خَيْرًا and بِخَيْرٍ: and ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ مَالَكَ and لَكَ مَالَكَ [May God restore, or replace, to thee thy property]. خَلَفَ أَبَاهُ, Present.T ـُ means He became behind his father; and if so, its Verbal.Noun is خَلْفٌ: or it means he became in the place of his father; and if so, its Verbal.Noun is خَلَفٌ: and خَلَفَ مَكَانَ أَبِيهِ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ and خَلَفٌ, he became in the place of his father, exclusively of every other. You say also, خَلَفَتِ الفَاكِهَةِ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ, or خَلَفٌ, , or the latter to the former,]) and خِلْفَةٌ, The fruit replaced other fruit; or became substituted for other fruit. (JK, * K,* TA. [In the CK, صَارَ خَلْفًا is erroneously put for صَارَتْ خَلَفًا.]) And خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانَةَ, Verbal.Noun خِلَافَةٌ, [like عَقَبَ عَلَيْهَا,] Such a man took as his wife such a woman after another husband [and thus supplied his place].
3 خَلَفَ ُلَانًا, (Present.T ـُ TA,) He took, or seized, such a one from behind him; as also . And hence, خَلَفَ لَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ He came to him from behind him, and smote his neck, or struck off his head, with the sword.
4 خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ بِعَقِبِى [is explained as meaning] Such a one stayed, or abode, after me. (Msb in art. عقب) [But]
5 خَلَفَ بِعَقَبِ فُلَانٍ is said by some to mean إِلَى أَهْلِهِ [q. v.]: accord. to As, however, it means He parted with such a one on the condition of doing a certain thing, and then came behind him [or behind his back] and did another thing after parting with him: and Az says that this is a more correct explanation than the former one. [Hence, app.,] one says also, إِنَّ ٱمْرَأَةَ فُلَانٍ تَخْلُفُ زَوْجَهَا بِالنِّزَاعِ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا [Verily the wife of such a one is unfaithful to her husband by yearning towards another when he is absent from her: or deceives her husband behind his back by yearning towards another; for it is implied, by an ex. given, that اذا غاب عنها is added by way of explanation]. خَلَفَهُ also signifies He spoke of him, or mentioned him, [behind his back, or] when he was not present: so in the phrase, خَلَفَهُ بِخَيْرٍ or بِشَرٍّ [He spoke of him behind his back well or ill]. And one says, يَخْلُفُ النَّاسَ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ [meaning He defames men behind their backs]: the action signified hereby is like غِيبَةٌ, and may be [by making signs] with the side of the mouth, and with the eye, and with the head. (TA in art. همز.)
6 خَلَفَ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ, Present.T ـُ He remained behind, or after, his companions; did not go forth with them; as also قَعَدَ أَصْحَابِهِ [similar to a phrase mentioned near the beginning of this
7 [Hence,] خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ
8 خَلَفَ, Present.T ـُ also signifies He retired, withdrew, or went away or apart. And خَلَفَتْ نَفْسَهُ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,
9 And He fled.
10 And He ascended a mountain.
def.2 See also 2, first sentence.
def.3 خَلَفَ, Present.T خُلُوفٌ, [Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,] said of the taste of water, It was, or became, different from, or contrary to, what it was thought to be: and [hence,] it was, or became, altered [for the worse]: [and] said of milk, and of food, and the like, and some say خَلُفَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ, of both verbs, it was, or became, altered [for the worse] in taste, or in odour; as also : or, said of milk, the first signifies it became bad from being long kept; or, as in the A,
2 [Hence,] خَلَفَ عَنْ خُلُقِ أَبِيهِ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خُلُوفٌ,
3 And خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ [or خُلُوفٌ]; or خَلْفَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خَلَافَةٌ and خُلُوفٌ;
4 And خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلَافَةٌ and خُلُوفٌ,
def.4 خَلَفَ, Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ; and , and ; He drew water, لِأَهْلِهِ for his family: [app. because he who does so leaves his family behind him: see 2, first sentence:] [or] , said of a man, signifies اِسْتَعْذَبَ المَآء [app. as meaning he sought, or drew, or brought, sweet water: see art. عذب]: and, accord. to IAar, you say, القَوْمَ, meaning properly I carried sweet water to the people, or party, when they were in the [season, or herbage, called] رَبِيع and without sweet water, or when they were by salt water: إِخْلَافٌ [as meaning the carrying, or drawing, of water,] being [properly] only in the ربيع: in other cases, metaphorically applied. El-Hoteíäh says,
لِزُغْبٍ كَأَوْلَادِ القَطَا رَاثَ عَلَى عَاجِزَاتِ النَّهْضِ حُمْرٍ حَوَاصِلُهْ
[meaning “ like the young birds of which the crops have been plucked ”]; for الفراخ has not the sign of the pl., but has the form of a sing., like الكِتَاب and الحِجَاب: another says, [but this is very far-fetched,] that the ه relates to النهض, which [sometimes] means a place in the shoulderblade of the camel; and that the poet has used it metaphorically as belonging to the قطا.مِثْلُ الفِرَاخِ نُتِفَتْ حَوَاصِلُهْ
def.5 خَلَفَ الثَّوْبَ, or القَمِيصَ, Present.T ـُ Verbal.Noun خَلْفٌ and خُلْفَةٌ, in some copies of the K خَلْفَةٌ, [so in my MS. copy of the K, and so in the TK,] and [in some] خُلَفٌ also, but these require consideration, He took out from the garment, or shirt, the part that was worn out, that is, the middle part, which was worn out, and then sewed the [cut] edges together. And الثَّوْبَ signifies the same as خَلَفَهُ, i. e. He repaired the garment [app. in any manner, or, as is implied in the S and TA, by substituting one piece for another].
2 The saying, in a trad. of Hamneh, فَإِذَا خَلَفَتْ ذٰلِكَ فَلْتَغْتَسِلْ, meaning
def.6 خَلَفَ signifies also He mixed [a thing with another thing; as, for instance, (see خُلِفَ in a passage above,) milk with other milk]: and he mixed saffron, and medicine, with water.
def.7 خَلَفَ بَيْتَهُ He put to, or made for, his tent, a pole, termed a خَالِفَة, in the hinder part thereof.
def.8 خَلِفَ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun خَلَفٌ, He inclined towards one side.
2 خَلَفٌ is also an Verbal.Noun (of خَلِفَ, said of a man, TK) signifying The being أَخْلَف as meaning contrarious, hard in disposition, as though going with a leaning towards one side:
3 and the being left-handed:
4 and the being أَحْوَل [or squint-eyed].
def.9 خَلِفَتْ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun خَلَفٌ, She was, or became, pregnant.
Lane's Lexicon — The most scholarly Arabic-English dictionary available
The product of over thirty years of unrelenting labor. A work of such unique greatness that to this day it remains supreme in the field of Arabic lexicography.
✓ Full text search • ✓ Root-based navigation
✓ Advanced filters • ✓ Mobile access
Trusted by 1000+ researchers worldwide
Featured on Fons Vitae • Used by universities globally