ظَهَرَ

Form: 1

Full Definition

ظَهَرَI , Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun ظُهُورٌ, [It was, or became, outward, exterior, external, extrinsic, or exoteric: and hence,] it appeared; became apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, plain, or evident; after having been concealed, or latent: and تظاهر signifies the same. Hence the phrase ظَهَرَ لِى رَأْىٌ [An idea, or opinion, occurred to me], said when one knows what he did not know before. [And هٰذَا مَا يَظْهَرُ لِى This is what appears to me to be the case, or to be the right way or course; or this is my opinion.] ظَهَرَ الحَمْلُ, Verbal.Noun as above, means Pregnancy became apparent, or manifest: it is said that this is not the case in less than three months. And it is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, كَانَ يُصَلِّى العَصْرَ فِى حُجْرَتِى قَبْلَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ i. e. [He used to perform the prayer of the afternoon in my chamber] before it became high and apparent: or وَالشَّمْسُ فِى حُجْرَتِى لَمْ تَظْهَرْ بَعْدُ i. e. [when the sun was in my chamber,] it not having risen high so as to be on the flat roof [thereof]: referring to the Prophet. (O. [But العَصْرَ must be a mistranscription for الفَجْرَ, i. e. the prayer of the dawn.]) The saying in the Kur [xxiv. 31], وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا [which is app. best rendered And that they discover not their ornature except what is external thereof] has been expl. in seven different ways, most correctly as meaning the clothes: accord. to 'Áïsheh, it means the bracelet (القُلْب) and the ring (الفَتَخَة): and accord. to I'Ab, the hand and the signet-ring and the face.
2 Also He went forth, or out, to the outside of a place.
3 And He migrated, or went down, from one country or region to another: used in this sense by AHn in relation to the vulture, migrating to Nejd.
4 ظَهَرَ عَنْهُ, said of a vice, or fault, or a disgrace, It did not cleave to him; it was remote from him; it quitted him, or departed from him.
5 ظَهَرْتُ بِهِ, Verbal.Noun ظَهْرٌ, I gloried, or boasted, by reason of it. [Respecting a meaning assigned to ظَهَرَ بِفُلَانٍ in the K, see 4.]
6 أَكَلَ الرَّجُلُ أُكْلَةً ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا ظَهْرَةً means [The man ate some food] in consequence of which] he became fat.

def.2 ظَهَرَهُ He mounted it; went, or got, upon it, or upon the top of it; as also ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ; namely, a house, or a house-top, and a mountain, and a wall; properly, he became upon its back: and [in like manner] one says, ظَهَّرَ فُلَانٌ نَجْدًا, Verbal.Noun تَظْهِيرٌ, Such a one mounted, or went up, upon the high region (ظَهْر) of Nejd.
2 Hence, ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ and بِهِ, Verbal.Noun ظُهُورٌ and ظَهْرٌ also, He overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, or mastered, him; gained the mastery or victory, or prevailed, over him; namely, his enemy; and in like manner, [he conquered, won, achieved, or attained, it, i. e.] a thing. [The saying فُلَانٌ لَا يَظْهَرُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ is expl. in the L and TA by the words اى لا يَسْلَم, and said to be tropical: but Ibr D thinks that the correct reading is لا يُسَلِّمُ, from التَّسْلِيمُ; and that it is said of one who will not give up, or resign, what is in his hand; so that the meaning is, Such a one is a person whom no one will overcome in respect of that which he holds in his possession.]
3 And [hence also] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, Verbal.Noun ظُهُورٌ, He knew, became acquainted with, or got knowledge of, him, or it. So in the Kur xxiv. 31, وَٱلطِّفْلُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَى عَوْرَاتِ ٱلنِّسَآءِ [And the young children] who have not attained knowledge of the عورات, meaning [pudenda, or] parts between the navel and the knee, of women, by reason of their want of discrimination: or who have not attained to the generative faculty; from الظُّهُورُ in the sense of الغَلَبَةُ. So too in the Kur [xviii. 19], إِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ If they get knowledge of you.
4 And [hence] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, and , He knew it, or learned it, by heart; namely, the Kur-án; and he recited it by heart: or [simply] he recited it by heart; namely, the Kur-án; as also اظهرهُ : in the copies of the K we find أَظْهَرْتُ عَلَى القُرْآنِ and أَظْهَرْتُهُ; but the former is a mistake for ظَهَرْتُ, Present.T ـَ.

def.3 For another signification of ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, see 3.

def.4 ظَهَرَ بِحَاجَتِى, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun ظَهْرٌ; and ظهّرها , in some copies of the K ظَهَرَهَا; and , Verbal.Noun إِظْهَارٌ; and , of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ; He held the object of my want in little, or light, estimation, or in contempt; [lit.] he put it behind [his] back; as though he put it away, [out of his sight,] and paid no regard to it. One says also, يَظْهَرُونَ بِهِمْ وَلَا يَلْتَفِتُونَ إِلَى أَرْحَامِهِمْ [They hold them in contempt, and do not pay any regard to their ties of relationship].
2 See also 10, in three places.

def.5 ظَهَرَهُ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun ظَهْرٌ, He struck, or smote, or hit, or hurt, his back.

def.6 ظَهِرَ, Present.T ـَ Verbal.Noun ظَهَرٌ, He had a complaint of his back.

def.7 ظَهُرَ, or ظَهَرَ, Verbal.Noun ظَهَارَةٌ, said of a camel, He was, or became, strong in the back.

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