عَرَضٌ
Root: عرض
Full Definition
عَرَضٌ
A thing that happens to, befalls, or occurs to, a man; such as disease, and the like; as disquietude of mind, and a state of distraction of the mind or attention: or a misfortune, such as death, and disease, and the like: or an event that happens to a man, whereby he is tried: or a thing that happens to a man, whereby he is impeded; such as disease, or a theft: or a bane, or cause of mischief, that occurs in a thing; as also
عَارِضٌ : [both signify also an accident of any kind:] pl. أَعْرَاضٌ.
2 A thing's befalling, or hitting, unexpectedly. (O, K. [I follow the reading of the O, which is that of the K as given in the TA, and of my MS. copy of the K, أَنْ يُصِيبَ الشَّىْءُ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ; in preference to that in the CK, أَنْ تُصِيبَ الشَّىْءَ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ.]) You say, أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ عَرَضٍ and سَهْمٌ عَرَضٌ, and حَجَرُ عَرَضٍ and حَجَرٌ عَرَضٌ, [A random arrow, and a random stone, or] an arrow, and a stone, aimed at another, hit him: such as hits, or falls upon, a man without any one's shooting it, or casting it, is not thus termed. And مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ الرَّأْىِ عَرَضًا خَيْرٌ مِمَّا جَآءَكَ مُسْتَكْرَهًا, i. e. [The opinion] that comes to thee without consideration, or thought, [is better than that which comes to thee forced.] And عُلِّقْتُهَا عَرَضًا I became attached to her accidentally, or unintentionally, in consequence of her presenting herself to me as a thing occurring without my seeking it. [See an ex., in a verse of Antarah, cited in the first paragraph of art. زعم; and another, in a verse of El-Aashà, cited in the first paragraph of art. علق.]
3 A thing that is not permanent: so in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians: opposed to جَوْهَرٌ: or hence metaphorically applied by the Muslim theologians to
4 [Hence, An appertenance of any kind.
5 Hence also,] The frail goods (حُطَام) of the present world or state; and what a man acquires thereof: [so called as being not permanent:] or worldly goods or commodities, of whatever kind, are thus called, with fet-h to the ر: and any property or wealth, little or much, is thus called, or is called عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا. See also عَرْضٌ, expl. as signifying “ a commodity, ” or “ commodities ” or “ goods. ” One says, الدُّنْيَا عَرَضٌ حَاضِرٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا البَرُّ وَالفَاجِرُ [The world is a present frail good: the righteous and the unrighteous eat thereof]: i. e. it has
6 Booty; spoil. So in the Kur ix. 42: or it there signifies
7 i. q. مَطْلَبٌ [app. meaning A thing sought, or desired; and object of desire; rather than a place where a thing is sought].
8 I. q. طَمَعٌ [app. meaning A thing that is eagerly desired, or coveted: and also eager desire; or covetousness]. So explained by some as occurring in the saying قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, mentioned above. And the following verse is also cited as an ex.,
9 A gift. See also عُرَاضَةٌ.
10 هُوَ عَلَى عَرَضِ الوُجُودِ signifies عَلَى إِمْكَانِهِ [app. meaning It is in the condition of possibility of existence; for على seems to be here used in the sense of فِى, as in some other instances]; from أَعْرَضَ لَهُ meaning “ it became within his power, ” &c. And one says, هُوَ بِعَرَضٍ أَنْ يَضِيعَ [He is exposed, or liable, to perish]. (Mgh voce ضَيَاعٌ.)
11 جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرَضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرْضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.
2 A thing's befalling, or hitting, unexpectedly. (O, K. [I follow the reading of the O, which is that of the K as given in the TA, and of my MS. copy of the K, أَنْ يُصِيبَ الشَّىْءُ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ; in preference to that in the CK, أَنْ تُصِيبَ الشَّىْءَ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ.]) You say, أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ عَرَضٍ and سَهْمٌ عَرَضٌ, and حَجَرُ عَرَضٍ and حَجَرٌ عَرَضٌ, [A random arrow, and a random stone, or] an arrow, and a stone, aimed at another, hit him: such as hits, or falls upon, a man without any one's shooting it, or casting it, is not thus termed. And مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ الرَّأْىِ عَرَضًا خَيْرٌ مِمَّا جَآءَكَ مُسْتَكْرَهًا, i. e. [The opinion] that comes to thee without consideration, or thought, [is better than that which comes to thee forced.] And عُلِّقْتُهَا عَرَضًا I became attached to her accidentally, or unintentionally, in consequence of her presenting herself to me as a thing occurring without my seeking it. [See an ex., in a verse of Antarah, cited in the first paragraph of art. زعم; and another, in a verse of El-Aashà, cited in the first paragraph of art. علق.]
3 A thing that is not permanent: so in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians: opposed to جَوْهَرٌ: or hence metaphorically applied by the Muslim theologians to
4 [Hence, An appertenance of any kind.
5 Hence also,] The frail goods (حُطَام) of the present world or state; and what a man acquires thereof: [so called as being not permanent:] or worldly goods or commodities, of whatever kind, are thus called, with fet-h to the ر: and any property or wealth, little or much, is thus called, or is called عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا. See also عَرْضٌ, expl. as signifying “ a commodity, ” or “ commodities ” or “ goods. ” One says, الدُّنْيَا عَرَضٌ حَاضِرٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا البَرُّ وَالفَاجِرُ [The world is a present frail good: the righteous and the unrighteous eat thereof]: i. e. it has
6 Booty; spoil. So in the Kur ix. 42: or it there signifies
7 i. q. مَطْلَبٌ [app. meaning A thing sought, or desired; and object of desire; rather than a place where a thing is sought].
8 I. q. طَمَعٌ [app. meaning A thing that is eagerly desired, or coveted: and also eager desire; or covetousness]. So explained by some as occurring in the saying قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, mentioned above. And the following verse is also cited as an ex.,
[Whoso hopeth for continuance without cessation, let not the eager desire of worldly goods be to him a cause of anxiety].مَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو بَقَآءً لَا نَفَادَ لَهُ فَلَا يَكُنْ عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا لَهُ شَجَنَا
9 A gift. See also عُرَاضَةٌ.
10 هُوَ عَلَى عَرَضِ الوُجُودِ signifies عَلَى إِمْكَانِهِ [app. meaning It is in the condition of possibility of existence; for على seems to be here used in the sense of فِى, as in some other instances]; from أَعْرَضَ لَهُ meaning “ it became within his power, ” &c. And one says, هُوَ بِعَرَضٍ أَنْ يَضِيعَ [He is exposed, or liable, to perish]. (Mgh voce ضَيَاعٌ.)
11 جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرَضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرْضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.
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