نَفَرَ

Form: 1

Full Definition

نَفَرَI , Present.T ـِ and ـُ Verbal.Noun نَفْرٌ and نَفَرَانٌ or نُفُورٌ, said of a wild animal, a gazelle, or other beast, He took fright, and fled, or ran away at random; or became refractory, and went away at random; or ran away, or broke loose, and went hither and thither by reason of his sprightliness; syn. شَرَدَ; as also ; and so the former verb in speaking of a camel, or a beast: (L, art. شرد:) you say, نَفَرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, Present.T ـِ and ـُ Verbal.Noun نُفُورٌ and نِفَارٌ and نَفْرٌ: or this signifies the beast was, or became, impatient of or at a thing, [or shied at it,] and retired to a distance; and signifies the same as نُفُورٌ: or نَفَرَ, Verbal.Noun نِفَارٌ [and نُفُورٌ], signifies he fled, and went away or aside or apart or to a distance.
2 [Hence, نَفَرَ, Present.T ـِ and ـُ Verbal.Noun نُفُورٌ and نِفَارٌ and نَفْرٌ and نَفِيرٌ, as used in the following phrases.] نَفَرْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ I shrank from this thing or affair; was averse from it; did not like or approve it. And نَفَرَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ صُحْبَةِ فُلَانٍ [Such a one shrank, or was averse, from the companionship of, or the associating with, such a one]. And نَفَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا [The woman was averse from her husband; or shunned or avoided him]. And you say of a man's disposition, عَنِ الحَقِّ [It shunned, or was averse from, the truth]
3 إِلَّا نُفُورًا, in the Kur, [xvii. 43, and xxxv. 40,] means Save in aversion and نَفِيرٌ is like نُفُورٌ: and the subst. is نَفَرٌ, with two fet-hahs.
4 نَفَرَ الشَّىْءُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ Verbal.Noun نِفَارٌ [and نُفُورٌ], The thing receded, withdrew, removed, or became remote or aloof, from the thing. [See also 3.]
5 Hence it is, I think, that نَفَرَ is used as signifying It became swollen, in the following words of a trad. of 'Omar: تَخَلَّلَ رَجُلٌ فِى زَمَانِهِ بِالقَصَبِ فَنَفَرَ فُوهُ A man, in his time, picked his teeth with reeds, and in consequence his mouth became swollen: as though the flesh, disliking the disease, receded from it, and so became swollen. You say also, نَفَرَتِ العَيْنُ, Present.T ـِ and ـُ Verbal.Noun نُفُورٌ. His eye became inflamed and swollen: and so you say of other parts of the person. And نَفَرَ الجُرْحُ, Verbal.Noun as above, The wound became swollen: or it became so after healing. And نَفَرَ الجِلْدُ The skin became swollen, and the flesh receded from it. [All these significations seem to be derived from the first in this art.: and so several others which follow.]
6 نَفَرْتُ إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ, Verbal.Noun نِفَارٌ, I betook myself to God by reason of fear, seeking protection.
7 نَفَرُوا, Verbal.Noun نَفْرٌ, They became separated, or dispersed: and so نَفَرتْ, said of camels. Hence, the saying, لَقِيتُهُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ صَيْحٍ وَنَفْرٍ, a proverb, in which the last word is used tropically; explained in art. صيح, q. v. [And غَضِبَ مِنْ غَيْرِ صَيْحٍ وَلَا نَفٍرْ; explained in the same art.]
8 نَفَرَ الحَاجُّ مِنْ مِنًى, Present.T ـِ Verbal.Noun نَفْرٌ and نَفَرٌ and نُفُورٌ [and نَفِيرٌ], The pilgrims removed from Minè. Hence, يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ, and النَّفَرِ, and النَّفُورِ, and النَّفِيرِ, and لَيْلَةُ النَّفْرِ, and النَّفَرِ, [The day of, and the night immediately preceding, the removing from Minè]; after the day called يَوْمُ القَرِّ: [therefore. the twelfth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh:] or there are two days thus called: يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الأَوَّلُ is [the day above mentioned,] the second of the days called أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ; and يَوْمُ النَّفْر الاّخِرُ, or الثَّانِى, is the third thereof: the order is this; يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ, then يَوْمُ القَرِّ, then يَوْمُ النَّفْر الأَوَّلُ then يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الآخِرُ.
9 نَفَرُوا فِى الأَمْرِ, or لِلْأَمْرِ, Present.T ـِ Verbal.Noun نُفُورٌ and نِفارٌ and نَفِيرٌ; and تنافروا ; They went, or went away, to execute the affair: and in like manner, فِى القِتَالِ to fight. And نَقَرُوا, alone, They went forth to war against unbelievers or the like. So in the Kur, is 82. وَقَالوا لَا تَنْفِرُوا فى الحرِّ قُلْ نَارٌ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدٌ حَرَّا [And they said, Go not ye forth to war against the unbelievers in the heat: say, The fire of hell is hotter]: and so in the same chap. v. 39: and in the same book, iv. 73. You say also, نَفَرُوا لَهُمْ They went forth to fight them. And تَفَرُوا إِلى الحَرْب They hastened to the war, or to war.
10 [Hence,] نَفَوُا مَعَهُ; and , Verbal.Noun إِنْفَارٌ; They aided and succoured them: or the former verb, alone, they, being asked to do so, complied, and went forth to aid.
11 نَفرَبِنَا: see 2.

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