سَيِّدٌ

Full Definition

سَيِّدٌ , of the measure فَعِيلٌ; [originally سَوِيدٌ, for a reason to be mentioned below; the kesreh upon the و, being deemed difficult of pronunciation, is suppressed, and the quiescent و and ى thus coming thgether, the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and the و is changed into ى and incorporated into the augmentative ى; as in the case of جَيِّدٌ with those who hold it to be originally جَوِيدٌ;] or, accord. to the Basrees, it is of the measure فَيْعِلٌ; [originally سَيْوِدٌ;] and also سَيْدٌ ; (Mz, 40th نوع, section on the class of هَيِّنٌ and هَيْنٌ;) A chief, lord, or master: a prince, or king: one who is set before, or over, others: a master of a household: a woman's husband: a possessor, an owner, or a proprietor: a slave's master, or owner: a superior in rank or station or condition; one possessing pre-eminence or excel-lence; a man of rank or quality; a personage; a man of distinction: one who surpasses others in intelligence and property, and in repelling injury, and in beneficence, or usefulness, who makes a just use of his property, and aids others by himself: one possessed of glory, honour, dignity, eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility; generous, noble, or high-born: the most generous, noble, or high-born, of a people: a liberal, bountiful, or munificent, person: clement; forbearing; one who endures injurious treatment from his people: devout, abstaining from unlawful things, and clement, or forbearing: one who is not overcome by his anger: accord. to As, the Arabs say that it signifies any one who is subdued, or repressed, by his principle of clemency, or forbearance: and سَائِدٌ signifies the same as سَيِّدٌ: or one inferior to a سَيِّد: or, accord. to Fr, one says, هٰذَا سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ اليَوْمَ [this is the lord, &c., of his people today]; but if you announce that he will be their سيّد after a little while, you say هُوَ سَائِدُ قَوْمِهِ عَنْ قَلِيلٍ, and سَيِّدُ: the fem. of سَيِّدٌ [and of سَائِدٌ ] is with ة: pl. of سَيِّدٌ, or of سَائِدٌ , سَادَةٌ and سَيَائِدُ and [pl. of سَادَةٌ] سَادَاتٌ: [J says that] سَادَةٌ is of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, [orinally سَوَدَةٌ,] because سَيِّدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ; [as has been before mentioned;] and it is like سَرَاةٌ as pl. of سَرِىٌّ, the only other instance of the kind; this being shown to be the case by the fact that سَيِّدٌ has also as a pl. سَيَائِدُ, with ء, [and with the و changed into ى because it is so changed in the sing.,] like as أَفِيلٌ has أَفَائِلُ, and like as تَبِيعٌ has تَبَائِعُ; but the Basrees, who hold سَيِّدٌ to be of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, say that it becomes of the measure فَعَلَةٌ in the pl. as though it were سَائِدٌ, like قَائِدٌ, which has قَادَةٌ as a pl., and like ذَائِدٌ, which has ذَادَةٌ as a pl.; and they also say that سَيَائِدُ, with ء, as pl. of سَيِّدٌ, is contr. to analogy; for by rule it should be without ء.
2 [In the present day it is also particularly applied to signify, like شَرِيف, Any descendant of the Prophet.]
3 One of the poets has used it in relation to the jinn, or genii; saying, يَنْدُبْنَ سَيِّدَهُنَّةْ جِنٌّ هَبَبْنَ بِلَيْلٍ [Genii that were roused from their sleep by night, summoning, or perhaps bewailing and eulogizing their chief]: Akh says that this is a well-known verse of the poetry of the Arabs: but it is asserted by one, or more, likewise deserving of reliance, that it is of the poetry of El-Weleed [and therefore post-classical].
4 And the wild ass is called the سَيِّد of his female.
5 Also, and سِيَّدٌ , the latter on the authority of Aboo-'Alee, applied to a he-goat, Advanced in years: or in its third year: or great, though not advanced in years: or it is of general application, for it occurs in a trad. applied to the camel and the ox-kind.
6 And the former also signifies What is most eminent, exalted, or noble, of any things: and is applied by Zj to the Kur-án, because, he says, it is سَيِّدُ الكَلَامِ [The paragon of speech].

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