أَشُدٌّ
, also pronounced أُشُدٌّ, but the latter form is rare, is both masc. and fem., and as used in the Kur it has somewhat different meanings: in the phrase حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ, and other phrases in the Kur, أَشُدّ is expl. as meaning The state of strength; which is from eighteen to thirty years: or from about seventeen to forty: or from thirty to forty: or puberty: or firmness, or soundness, of judgment, produced by experience: or puberty together with such maturity as gives evidence of rectitude of conduct or course of life;which may be at, or before, the age of eighteen years; accord. to most of the men of science, and among them Esh-Sháfi'ee; and the extreme term of which is three and thirty years: or the age of forty years; as in the Kur xlvi. 14: أَشُدٌّ [originally أَشْدُدٌ] is a sing. having a pl. form, like آنُكٌ; and these two words are [said to be] the only instances of the kind: (S, K: [but see آنُكٌ:]) or a pl. having no proper sing., like آسَالٌ and أَبَابِيلُ and عَبَادِيدُ and مَذَاكِيرُ: or its sing. is
شِدَّةٌ, accord. to Sb; and this is good with respect to the meaning, because one says, بَلَغَ الغُلَامُ شِدَّتَهُ; but فِعْلَةٌ does not form a pl. of the measure أَفْعُلٌ; for as to أَنْعُمٌ, which is said by AHeyth to be pl. of نِعْمَةٌ, [and respecting which Mtr says that] أَشُدٌّ is said to be pl. of شِدَّةٌ like as أَنْعُمٌ is of نِعْمَةٌ, formed by regarding the ة as elided, it is only pl. of نُعْمٌ in the phrase يَوْمُ نُعْمٍ: or its sing. is شَدٌّ, like as كَلْبٌ is of أَكْلُبٌ; or شِدٌّ, like as ذِئْبٌ is of أَذْؤُبٌ; accord. to some; but neither شَدٌّ nor شِدٌّ has been heard from the Arabs [as sing. of أَشُدٌّ]; and they are only deduced from analogy: or it is pl. of أَشَدُّ; and the أ is not regarded in the formation of this pl.
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