احاط

Form: 4

Full Definition

احاطIV signify the same [i. e. It, or he, surrounded, encompassed, environed, enclosed, or hemmed in, it, or him]. You say, احاط القَوْمُ بِالبَلَدِ, Verbal.Noun إِحَاطَةٌ; and بِهِ; The people surrounded, encompassed, environed, encircled, or beset, the sides of the town. And احاطت الخَيْلُ بِفُلَانٍ, and به, and به, The horses, or horsemen, surrounded, encompassed, environed, encircled, or beset, such a one. [And احاطوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, meaning They surrounded him on all his sides; lit. on his two sides: see جَنْبٌ.]
2 It is said in the Kur [xvii. 62], إِنَّ رَبَّكَ أَحَاطَ بِالنَّاسِ Verily thy Lord hath men in his grasp, or power: or hath destroyed them; meaning Kureysh. You say also, أُحِيطَ بِفُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one was destroyed: or his destruction drew near. And hence the saying in the Kur [xviii. 40], وَأُحِيطَ بِثَمَرِهِ And its fruit became smitten by that which destroyed and spoiled it: or his possessions became destroyed: from أَحَاطَ بِهِ العَدُوُّ [the enemy surrounded him]. [Hence also, in the same, ii. 75,] وَأَحَاطَتْ بِهِ خَطِيْئَتُهُ And over whom his sin hath gained the mastery, affecting all the circumstances of his case, so that he hath become as though he were entirely encompassed thereby: or who hath died in the belief of a plurality of Gods. You also say, احاط بِهِ الأَمْرُ The thing beset him on every side, so that he had no place of escape from it. And احاط عَلَيْهِ He took it entirely to himself, debarring others from it: [see also 2.] (TA in art شرب.)
3 احاط بِهِ, or احاط بِهِ عِلْمًا, and احاط بِهِ عِلْمُهُ, [He comprehended it, or knew it altogether, in all its modes or circumstances;] he knew it extrinsically and intrinsically; or he attained the utmost particular thereof, and had a comprehensive and complete knowledge thereof: or he attained everything [relating to it], and the utmost knowledge thereof. (K, accord. to different copies. [In the CK, اَحْصٰى عِلْمُهُ is put, erroneously, for احصى عِلْمَهُ.]) It is said in the Kur [xxvii. 22], أَحَطْتُ بِمَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ I have known in all its circumstances, or modes, that which thou hast not so known. And you say also, عَلِمَهُ عِلْمَ إِحَاطَةٍ He knew it in all its circumstances, or modes; nothing of them escaping him.
4 See also 2.

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