اِشْتِقَاقٌ

Root: شق

Form: 8

Full Definition

اِشْتِقَاقٌVIII signifies The taking the شِقّ of a thing, i. e. the half thereof. One says, اشتقّ الشَّىْءَ He took the شِقّ [or half] of the thing.
2 And The taking [or deriving] a word from a word, with the condition of reciprocal relation in meaning and [radical] composition, and of reciprocal difference in form: [and it is of three kinds:] الاِشْتِقَاقُ الصَّغِيرُ is that derivation in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the letters and in the order [thereof]; as in ضَرَبَ from الضَّرْبُ: الاشتقاق الكَبِيرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words as to the letter and the meaning, exclusively of the order; as in جَبَذَ from الجَذْبُ: الاشتقاق الأَكْبَرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the place [or places] of utterance; as in نَعَقَ from النَّهْقُ. [You say, اشتقّ حَرْفًا or كَلِمَةً or لَفْظًا, and ٱسْمًا, He derived a word, and a name, مِنْ آخَرَ from another; and شَقَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by a citation voce رَحِمٌ.]
3 [And, as syn. with اِخْتِرَاعٌ, (see 8 in art. خرع,)] The constructing, or founding, (بُنْيَان,) of a thing of, or from, what is originated without premeditation.
4 And The taking to the right and left, not pursuing the right, or direct, course, in speech, and in contention, or disputation, or litigation: or اِشْتِقَاقُ الكَلَامِ signifies the taking to the right and left in speech: (so in a copy of the M: [but I think that the right reading is الاِشْتِقَاقُ فِى الكَلَامِ, agreeably with what here follows:]) you say, اشتقّ فِى الكَلَامِ, and فِى الخُصُومَةِ. See also 6. And [in like manner] one says of a horse, اشتقّ فِى عَدْوِهِ He went to the right and left in his running. (M. [See also أَشَقُّ.])
5 اشتقّ الطَّرِيقُ فِى الفَلَاةِ The road went [or branched off] into the desert.

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